Lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no, cov pa phem yas tau dhau los ua qhov hnyav dua. Cov pa phem yas tau tshwm sim ntawm qhov ua siab tshaj ntawm Mount Everest, nyob rau hauv qab ntawm South Tuam Tshoj Hiav Txwv ntau dua 3,900 meters tob, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv dej khov Arctic, thiab txawm nyob rau hauv lub Mariana Trench…
Nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm ntawm cov khoom txav ceev, peb noj qee cov khoom noj txom ncauj uas ntim txhua hnub, lossis tau txais ntau qhov kev xa tuaj, lossis noj cov khoom noj hauv cov thawv ntim khoom noj ceev ceev. Qhov tseeb txaus ntshai yog: cov khoom yas yog qhov nyuaj rau degrade, thiab nws yuav siv sij hawm ntau pua xyoo kom decompose thiab ploj mus. .
Qhov ntau frightening tseeb yog tias zaum tau kuaj raws li muaj ntau yam raws li 9 hom microplastics nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev. Raws li Glowbal News, raws li qhov tseeb kev tshawb fawb los ntawm lub University of Victoria, American neeg laus noj 126 rau 142 microplastic hais txhua txhua hnub thiab nqus rau lawv txhua txhua hnub. 132-170 yas hais.
microplastic yog dab tsi?
Raws li lub ntsiab txhais ntawm British kawm Thompson, microplastics xa mus rau yas tawg tsam thiab hais nrog ib lub cheeb ntawm tsawg tshaj li 5 microns. Yuav ua li cas yog lub tswvyim ntawm tsawg tshaj li 5 microns? Nws yog ntau lub sij hawm tsawg tshaj li ib daim ntawm cov plaub hau, thiab nws yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua kom pom nrog tus liab qab qhov muag.
Yog li qhov twg cov microplastics ntxeem tau tib neeg lub cev los ntawm?
Muaj ntau qhov chaw:
① Cov khoom siv dej
Qhov no yooj yim to taub. Thaum tib neeg pov cov khib nyiab pov tseg rau hauv dej, hiav txwv thiab pas dej ntawm qhov xav tau, cov khib nyiab yas yuav decompose rau hauv cov khoom me me thiab nkag mus rau hauv lub cev ntawm cov kab mob hauv dej. Hauv dej hiav txwv, ntau li 114 cov kab mob hauv dej tau pom microplastics hauv lawv lub cev. Tom qab tib neeg tau tsim cov yas hauv xyoo pua 19th, tag nrho ntawm 8.3 billion tons ntawm cov yas tau tsim los txog tam sim no, thiab ntau dua 2 lab tons ntawm cov yas pov tseg tau muab pov tseg ncaj qha yam tsis muaj kev kho mob thiab thaum kawg nkag mus rau hauv dej hiav txwv.
② Siv cov yas hauv kev ua zaub mov
Cov kws tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau ua qhov kev sim dav dav ntawm ntau dua 250 hom dej ntim hauv 9 lub teb chaws thoob ntiaj teb thiab pom tias ntau lub fwj dej muaj microplastics. Txawm tias dej kais dej yog inevitable. Lub koom haum tshawb nrhiav hauv Tebchaws Meskas tau tshawb xyuas cov dej hauv 14 lub tebchaws thoob ntiaj teb, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias 83% ntawm cov qauv dej kais dej muaj microplastics. Nws yog ib qhov nyuaj kom tsis txhob microplastics txawm nyob rau hauv kais dej, cia nyob ib leeg nqa tawm thawv thiab mis nyuj haus tshuaj yej khob uas koj feem ntau tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog. Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov khoom siv no feem ntau yog coated nrog ib txheej ntawm polyethylene. Polyethylene yuav tawg mus rau hauv cov khoom me me.
③ Lub hauv paus uas koj tsis tau xav txog - ntsev
Yog lawm, ntsev koj noj txhua hnub yuav muaj microplastics. Vim hais tias ntsev peb noj yog muab rho tawm los ntawm tus dej, hiav txwv thiab pas dej. Cov dej qias neeg yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau cov ntses hauv pas dej. Qhov no "lub pas dej ntses" yog ntsev.
"Scientific American" qhia txog kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Shanghai East China Normal University:
Microplastics, xws li polyethylene thiab cellophane, tau pom nyob rau hauv 15 hom ntsev cov qauv sau los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov ntsev hiav txwv, uas ntau tshaj 550 yuan ib kilogram, lawv tau ua ib tug xam: Raws li tus nqi ntawm ntsev peb noj ib hnub twg, cov microplastics uas ib tug neeg noj los ntawm ntsev nyob rau hauv ib lub xyoo yuav ntau tshaj 1,000 yuan!
④ Cov khoom siv hauv tsev txhua hnub
Tej zaum koj yuav tsis paub hais tias txawm yog tias koj tsis muab pov tawm thoob khib nyiab, tej yam uas koj tseem siv yuav tsim microplastics txhua feeb. Piv txwv li, muaj ntau yam khaub ncaws tam sim no muaj tshuaj fiber. Thaum koj muab koj cov khaub ncaws mus rau hauv lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws rau ntxuav, cov khaub ncaws yuav muab pov tawm Superfine lub fibers. Cov fibers tawm nrog lub khib nyiab dej, uas yog cov yas. Tsis txhob saib ntawm tus xov tooj ntawm microfibers. Soj ntsuam xav tias nyob rau hauv ib lub nroog uas muaj ib tug neeg nyob ntawm 1 lab, 1 ton ntawm microfiber yog tawm txhua txhua hnub, uas yog sib npaug rau 150,000 uas tsis yog-degradable hnab yas. Ntxiv mus, ntau tu khoom, xws li shaving lee, tshuaj txhuam hniav, tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub, pleev remover, ntsej muag caum, thiab lwm yam, muaj ib tug muaj hu ua "mos mos hlaws dai" rau sib sib zog nqus ntxuav, uas yog ua tau microplastic.
Kev puas tsuaj ntawm microplastics rau tib neeg
Cov microplastics ntab hauv dej hiav txwv tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog muab ib qho chaw rau kev ciaj sia thiab kev tsim tawm ntawm ntau yam kab mob, tab sis kuj nqus cov hlau hnyav thiab cov pa phem tsis tu ncua hauv dej hiav txwv. Xws li cov tshuaj tua kab, nplaim hluav taws kub, polychlorinated biphenyls, thiab lwm yam, txav mus nrog dej hiav txwv tam sim no ua rau muaj tshuaj lom rau ecological ib puag ncig. Cov khoom yas yog me me nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla thiab tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg thiab sib sau ua ke hauv daim siab, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam inflammatory thiab mob ntev depositional lom. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem rhuav tshem txoj hnyuv thiab lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov microplastics me tshaj plaws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab lymphatic system. Thaum muaj qee qhov concentration yog mus txog, nws yuav cuam tshuam rau peb cov kab mob endocrine. Thaum kawg, nws tsuas yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm lub sij hawm ua ntej tib neeg lub cev yuav nqos los ntawm yas.
Tawm tsam cov microplastics thoob plaws ntiaj teb, tib neeg yuav cawm lawv tus kheej li cas?
Ntxiv rau kev hu rau kev txo qis ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv yas pov tseg hauv lub neej niaj hnub. Txhawm rau txo thiab thaum kawg theem tawm cov khoom ntim yas pov tseg thiab cov khoom, peb yuav tsum nquag tsim thiab txhawb kev siv cov khoom siv tshiab. Shanghai Hui Ang Industrial Co., Ltd. tsom rau kev nce qib thiab siv PLA biodegradable cov ntaub ntawv. PLA yog muab los ntawm cov khoom siv cog qoob loo (xws li pob kws, cassava, thiab lwm yam). Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab yog saccharified kom tau cov piam thaj, uas yog tom qab ntawd fermented los ntawm cov piam thaj thiab qee hom los tsim cov lactic acid siab, thiab tom qab ntawd qee qhov hnyav molecular polylactic acid yog tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj synthesis. Nws muaj biodegradability zoo. Tom qab siv, nws tuaj yeem degraded los ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov kab mob hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb, thiab thaum kawg tsim cov pa roj carbon dioxide thiab dej. Nws raug lees paub tias yog cov khoom siv zoo ib puag ncig. Shanghai Hui Ang Industrial ua raws li kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig lub tswv yim ntawm "pib los ntawm xwm thiab rov qab mus rau qhov xwm txheej", thiab tau cog lus tias yuav cia cov khoom tsis zoo nkag mus rau txhua tsev neeg. Nws tau tsim ib lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua lag luam. Cov khoom muaj xws li straws, hnab yuav khoom, hnab khib nyiab, hnab tsiaj, thiab hnab ntim khoom tshiab. , Cling zaj duab xis thiab ib tug series ntawm tag nrho degradable ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg pov tseg cov khoom, thov mus nrhiav cov kws ua lag luam rau tag nrho biodegradable hom.
Post lub sij hawm: May-18-2021